Unit 3 Sections 14 and 15
Libraries and Random Values
- wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aidenhuynh/CS_Swag/master/_notebooks/2022-11-30-randomvalues.ipynb
- Libraries
- 2 more libraries:
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aidenhuynh/CS_Swag/master/_notebooks/2022-11-30-randomvalues.ipynb
Libraries
- A library is a collection of precompiled codes that can be used later on in a program for some specific well-defined operations.
- These precompiled codes can be referred to as modules. Each module contains bundles of code that can be used repeatedly in different programs.
- A library may also contain documentation, configuration data, message templates, classes, and values, etc.
Why are libraries important?
- Using Libraries makes Python Programming simpler and convenient for the programmer.
- One example would be through looping and iteration, as we don’t need to write the same code again and again for different programs.
- Python libraries play a very vital role in fields of Machine Learning, Data Science, Data Visualization, etc.
A few libraries that simplify coding processes:
- Pillow allows you to work with images.
- Tensor Flow helps with data automation and monitors performance.
- Matplotlib allows you to make 2D graphs and plots.
The AP Exam Refrence Sheet itself is a library!
Hacks:
Research two other Python Libraries NOT DISCUSSED DURING LESSON and make a markdown post, explaining their function and how it helps programmers code.
API’s
- An Application Program Interface, or API, contains specific direction for how the procedures in a library behave and can be used.
- An API acts as a gateway for the imported procedures from a library to interact with the rest of your code.
Activity: Walkthrough with NumPy
- Install NumPy on VSCode:
- Open New Terminal In VSCode:
- pip3 install --upgrade pip
- pip install numpy
REMEMBER: When running library code cells use Python Interpreter Conda (Version 3.9.12)
Example of using NumPy for arrays:
import numpy as np
new_matrix = np.array([[1, 2, 3],[4, 5, 6],[7, 8, 9]])
print (new_matrix)
import numpy as np
# defining polynomial function
var = np.poly1d([2, 0, 1])
print("Polynomial function, f(x):\n", var)
# calculating the derivative
derivative = var.deriv()
print("Derivative, f(x)'=", derivative)
# calculates the derivative of after
# given value of x
print("When x=5 f(x)'=", derivative(5))
Random Values
- Random number generation (RNG) produces a random number (crazy right?)
- This means that a procedure with RNG can return different values even if the parameters (inputs) do not change
- CollegeBoard uses
RANDOM(A, B), to return an integer between integersAandB.- RANDOM(1, 10) can output 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10
- In Python, this would be
random.randint(A, B), after importing Python's "random" library (import random) - JavaScript's works a little differently, with
Math.random()returning a value between 0 and 1.- To match Python and CollegeBoard, you could make a procedure like this
CollegeBoard Example: What is the possible range of values for answ3
import random # Fill in the blank
def Dice(n):
sun = 0
while (n >= 0):
sun = sun + random.randint(1, 6)
n -= 1
return sun
Dice(5) # Will output a range of 5 to 30
Homework
-
Write a procedure that generates n random numbers, then sorts those numbers into lists of even and odd numbers (JS or Python, Python will be easier).
-
Using NumPy and only coding in python cell, find the answer to the following questions: a. What is the derivative of 2x^5 - 6x^2 + 24x? b. What is the derivative of (13x^4 + 4x^2) / 2 when x = 9?
-
Suppose you have a group of 10 dogs and 10 cats, and you want to create a random order for them. Show how random number generation could be used to create this random order.
import numpy
import random
def listMaker(n):
list = []
for each in range(n):
list.append(random.randint(1, 100))
list.sort()
return list
print(listMaker(10))
p = numpy.poly1d([2, 0, 0, -6, 24, 0])
p2 = numpy.poly1d([13/2, 0, 2, 0, 0])
pder = p.deriv()
print(pder)
p2der = p2.deriv()
print(p2der)
print(p2der(9))
cats = {
"1" : "amy",
"2" : "aljazerra",
"3" : "alamo",
"4" : "azerbaijan",
"5" : "allo",
"6" : "attack",
"7" : "anarchy",
"8" : "as",
"9" : "away",
"10" : "a"
}
dogs = {
"1" : "bob",
"2" : "billy",
"3" : "bleh",
"4" : "bojangles",
"5" : "bruh",
"6" : "barrack obama",
"7" : "bill clinton",
"8" : "black",
"9" : "bjorn",
"10" : "bangladesh"
}
def randIntArray(n):
array = []
while (len(array) <= n - 1):
num = random.randint(1, n)
bad = False
for each in array:
if (num == each):
bad = True
if (bad == False):
array.append(num)
return array
def randBoolArray(n):
array = randIntArray(n)
newArray = []
for each in array:
if(each > n/2):
newArray.append(True)
else:
newArray.append(False)
return newArray
def randomOrder():
indexCat = randIntArray(10)
indexDog = randIntArray(10)
index = randBoolArray(20)
for each in range(20):
if(index[each]):
print(cats[str(indexCat[0])] + " in position " + str(each + 1))
indexCat.pop(0)
else:
print(dogs[str(indexDog[0])] + " in position " + str(each + 1))
indexDog.pop(0)
randomOrder()
# all of the names are unique and only 10 dogs and 10 cats are present